Endoscopy

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Goenka Hospitals provides treatment in cases that need surgical intervention by minimal incisions. Endoscopic surgery has been routinely used for procedures in removing gallbladder, fallopian tube ligation etc. Laparoscopic treatment has advantages over the traditional invasive surgery as it involves less post operative pain, shortened hospital stay, quicker return to normal activities and better cosmetic results.

With an Operation theatre that is equipped with high end systems like the other departments, the Goenka Laparoscopy Unit caters to treatments for.

• Diagnostic Laparoscopy
• Hiatus Hernia
• Diaphragmatic Hernia
• Infected Appendix
• Gall Stones
• Peritonitis
• Intussusceptions
• Perforations

Diagnostic Laparoscopy

Diagnostic laparoscopy is a procedure that allows a health care provider to look directly inside the patient's abdomen or pelvis, including the fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, small bowel, large bowel, appendix, liver, andgallbladder.

Laparoscopy is usually done in the hospital or outpatient surgical center under general anesthesia (where in the surgeon makes a small cut below the navel and inserts a needle. A tube is placed through the cut and a tiny video camera (laparoscope) goes through this tube and is used to see the inside of the patient's pelvis and abdomen. In the case of gynecologic laparoscopy, dye may be injected into the cervix area so the surgeon can better see the fallopian tubes.

Hiatus Hernia

A hiatus hernia is the protrusion (or herniatiom) of the upper part of the stomach into the thorax through a tear or weakness in the diaphragm. This can be treated by either conventional or laparoscopic methods. Over the last few years, laparoscopic hiatal hernia diagnosis and treatment has become a widely accepted. Through this technique the surgeon pulls the sac of the hernia down out of the chest and repairs the hole in the diaphragm. The mesh repair of the hiatus hernia is also very effective by laparoscopic method.

Diaphragmatic Hernia

It is a birth defect during embryonic development in the mother's womb. An opening is present in the diaphragm (the muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity). With this type of birth defect, some of the organs that are normally found in the abdomen move up into the chest cavity through this abnormal opening. A laparoscopic approach offers functional and cosmetic advantages in the treatment of diaphragmatic hernias. Improvement of video technology, laparoscopic instruments, and surgical skills has allowed surgeons to succesfully utilize advanced laparoscopy for repair of a chronic diaphragmatic hernia using minimally invasive techniques.

Infected Appendix

Appendicitis is one of the most common surgical problems. One out of every 2,000 people has had an appendectomy in their life time. Treatment of appendicitis require an operation to remove the infected appendix. Traditionally, the appendix is removed through an incision in the right lower abdominal wall. In most laparoscopic appendectomies, surgeons operate through 3 small incisions (each ¼ to ½ inch) while monitoring an enlarged image of the internal organs on television.

Removal of Gall Bladder

Scientists agree widely that cholesterol stones are formed when bile contains excess of cholesterol, bilirubin, or when there is lack of bile salts, or when the gallbladder does not empty completely or often enough. Using advanced laparoscopic technology, the gallbladder is removed through a tiny incision at the navel and a thin tube carrying the video camera is inserted. The gall bladder is freed, and then teased out of the tiny navel incision. Normally only three punctures are needed and may leave very slight scars.

Peritonitits

Peritoneum is the membrane that lines the wall of the abdomen and covers the abdominal organs. The condition of inflammation of the membrane is called peritonitis. Peritonitis develops because of varying reasons and are generally categorized as Spontaneous, Secondary and dialysis associated. 

Spontaneous peritonitis is an infection because of the collection of fluid in the area that surrounds the liver and Kidney. This usually occurs when there is liver or kidney failure. Secondary peritonitis is an inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal cavity due to spread of an infection from the digestive organs or bowels. Dialysis associated Peritonitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity that occurs in people receiving peritoneal.

Laparoscopy is safe and very efficient in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with peritonitis. Especially in case of secondary peritonitis Laparoscopy allows the examination of the peritoneum, without the sacrifice of dialysis and thus an early laparoscopy should be performed in patients with unresolved peritonitis, in whom secondary peritonitis is an active consideration.

Intussusceptions

Intussusceptions is a condition of intestinal obstruction in children between ages three months and six years. Intussusceptions occurs when a portion of the intestine folds like a telescope, with one segment slipping inside another segment. This causes obstruction in the passage of food being digested through the intestine. Intussusceptions is generally seen in children between 2 months and 1 year of age. Intussusceptions can also occur in older children, teenagers, and adults. 

Many intussusceptions conditions are cured through enema however some will reduce only insufficiently and these cases need to be treated laparoscopically. There are no anesthesiology peculiarities in laparoscopy for intussusceptions. The process is performed under general anaesthesia with intubation.

Perforations

Perforations in medical terminology means a condition in which hole or break in the walls or membranes of an organ or structure of the body occurs due to reasons of erosion, infection or other factors to create a weak spot as a result of which internal pressure causes rupture. Some common perforations related to various organs are as follows bladder perforation, eardrum perforation, esophageal perforation ,intestinal perforation, ulcer perforation. 

Laparoscopic treatment of perforation is now accepted form of treatment and results in equal therapeutic efficacy, less perioperative morbidity, smaller incisions and decreased length of stay, and an overall better short-term outcome compared to open methods.